browning m1917 vs vickers

That’s why Browning had to resort to a gas mechanism for his first machine gun. The M1917 was immediately put into production in several factories, and it was manufactured in such quantities that no fewer than 68,000 could be completed by the end of the First World War. Some had previously been sold to Romania and Spain. Because of production delays, only about 1,200 Model 1917s saw combat in the conflict, and then only in the last 2½ months of the war. All information, figures, specifications and statistics used here had been compiled from a variety of sources and the large, over decades collected, library of the author about military history, WW2 and weapons. r/battlefield_one: The Battlefield 1 subreddit. The cradle, now part of the weapon, would then be hooked onto a tripod m/36. A total of 7,861 machine guns were manufactured, most of which were used by Polish armies in 1939 at the outbreak of World War II. The Maxim, Vickers, and MG 08 were closely related. The special AA tripod had elongated legs and chains to either secure the tripod or hang weights on it for extra stability. The M1919 machine gun series, including the ugly M1919A6, is still used worldwide, but mainly as standard weapons only in a few Armies of South American countries in the meantime. The whole thing was now called M1917A1. [3]:176–177, The Army adopted the weapon as its principal heavy machine gun, utilizing the M1906 .30-06 cartridge with a 150-grain, flat-base bullet. This fixed the problem of the original bottom plates, and became standard for all M1917- and M1919-series machine guns. Instruction of American soldiers during the First World War for the Browning M1917. Other changes were implemented, some during the war, but not all M1917s received these updates. The Ordnance Board was impressed, but was unconvinced that the same level of performance could be achieved in a production model. Unfortunately, production was a problem. The stirrup fix became the standard reinforcement until a more permanent fix for the problem was developed. Another reported problem was bulging in the side plates, which was probably caused by stresses put into the side plates when hammering the dovetails closed. Browning replaced side ejection with bottom ejection, added a buffer for smoother operation, replaced the hammer with a two piece firing pin, and some other minor improvements.The basic design of the gun was still the 1900 design. The unfortunate draft was adopted in February 1943 as a ‘restricted standard’. They bought two of them and built them virtually unchanged and without a license in the Warsaw Arms Factory as their Model 1930. Required fields are marked *. I'm in the fortunate position to combine all my interests with my work and to live on a place of my choice, on Crete. [citation needed], Many of the 1917s were given to South Vietnam. Browning heavy–12 in April, 14.6k by October, total 56,608 Vickers field… 1,021 in Jan to 103 Oct., total 12,125 Colt 2,816 Lewis field 291 in Jan. 2,500 total (note well the role of the Chauchat here!) But this air-cooled Browning was further developed to the M1919A1, and then to the M1919A2 for the cavalry and then to the M1919A3. Rate of fire and cartridge power were similar. On at least one occasion, U.S. soldiers in the Korean War urinated on the gun when water-cooling had failed in the frigid temperatures of the Korean winter. The M1917, which was used on some aircraft as well as in a ground role, had a cyclic rate of 450 rounds per minute. In 1926, the Browning's rear sight was revised to incorporate scales for both the new M1 Ball (172-grain boat-tail bullet) and the M1906 (150-grain flat-base bullet) ammunition. A return spring now pushes the bolt forward on the barrel and fires the cartridge off and the whole process begins again from the beginning. Who else is aware of H.W. Several manufacturers started producing the gun, but they had to set up the assembly lines and tooling. After both the barrel and the bolt have been pushed back a short distance, their movement is stopped and a pivot lever as an accelerator pushes the bolt backwards. It was good for their morale in this situation that the M1917 turned out to be an excellent weapon design. The basic M1919 used a cartridge belt feeder made of cloth or bonded with metal flakes. Your email address will not be published. NOTE: VISITING THIS SITE WITH ENABLED AD BLOCKERS IS PROHIBITED ! Roughly 8,000 were built by Państwowa Fabryka Karabinów. However, the M1917 was completely different as it used a mechanism called a ‘short recoil system’. It was first used in World War I as the M1917 HMG. John Moses Browning had begun work on his first machine gun in 1889, when American forces were still reliant on the hand-operated Gatling gun and when Maxim had patented his recoil machine gun. Subscribe to our newsletter with the latest reports from the war diaries and about World War I & II. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The Polish armed forces chose the proven Browning M1917A1 as their heavy machine gun. [11][12] For anti-aircraft purposes, a double cradle was made to hold a matching pair of m/36s. La Browning M1917 è una mitragliatrice pesante usata durante alcuni conflitti nel XX secolo.. Impiegata dagli USA durante la prima guerra mondiale, seconda guerra mondiale, guerra di Corea e limitatamente anche nella Guerra in Vietnam, e anche da altri Stati, è una mitragliatrice alimentata a nastro e raffreddata ad acqua.Era usata a livello di battaglione, e spesso montata su veicoli. Based on a John Browning and Matthew S. Browning design dating to 1889, it was the first successful gas-operated machine gun to enter service. This air-cooled model was originally intended for use in the many tanks the Americans wanted to build. Deciding between Vortex Venom and Viper? Nearly 70,000 of … The M1917's weight and bulk meant that it was generally employed as a fixed defense or as a battalion or regimental support weapon. All were considered quite robust and gave service comparable to the Browning and all could go many thousands of rounds without a breakdown. Converting between the two was a matter of changing barrels, cartridge stops, and bolts. However, if there was a commonality for all versions of the M1919 machine guns, then it was their reliability. [4]:65–66, Kulspruta m/14-29 was the Swedish designation for the licensed M1917A1, produced by Carl Gustafs Gevärsfaktori in Eskilstuna, for infantry support. The Vickers machine gun or Vickers gun is a name primarily used to refer to the water-cooled.303 British (7.7 mm) machine gun produced by Vickers Limited, originally for the British Army. Weighing between fourteen and fifteen kilograms, the gun measured ninety-eight centimeters in length, including the sixty-one centimeter barrel. This tripod featured, beside a 5×25 power optical sight, advanced elevation and traverse controls. The gun did continue to see service in some Third World armies well into the latter half of the 20th century. [15][16] The M/29 replaced the Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun in Norwegian service. Last video on comparison between the Browning M1917 and the Vickers water-cooled machine guns. The machine gun used a wooden ammunition chest that carried 250 rounds. Until the start of World War I, the Army had used a variety of older machine guns, like the M1895 Colt–Browning machine gun "Potato Digger" (which Browning had also designed) and weapons like the Maxim Gun, the Benet–Mercie M1909, and the Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun. The original gun suffered from a weakness related to the design of the receiver. In the 1930s, the Ordnance Department developed a new bottom plate, which had side flanges that came up on both sides of the receiver and were attached by rivets. As a partner for the infantry version, a special version was produced as M1919A5 for installation in tanks. Browning M1917A1 Vs Schweres MG-42 Who would win If these two groups were battling in real life. The disadvantages were the general unwieldiness of the weapon and the need to wear a mitten when the hot barrel had to be replaced. Browning M1917, M1919 [3]:173 The basic design of the gun was still the 1900 design. [9] The Model 1917 was slowly phased out of military service in the late-1960s in favor of the much lighter M60 machine gun chambered in the new 7.62 mm NATO cartridge. Nel 1890 John Moses Browning registrò un brevetto n. 678937 per una mitragliatrice, che migliorò fino a che produsse la M1917. The first heavy machine guns of the early 1900s, the Maxim gun and its British Vickers, German Spandau and Russian Sokolov variants, were great big heavy beasts that could spit fire for days. At the battle of Momote Airstrip in the Admiralties, the US Army's 5th Cavalry machine gunners killed several hundred Japanese in one night using their M1917 Brownings; one gun was left in position after the battle as a memorial to the desperate struggle. Some are still in use today by irregular military forces because the water cooled barrel allows for long periods of sustained fire. Aircraft machine guns Browning (too late to see service) 580 Marlin 38k Lewis flexible 39.2k Vickers cal. The latter was used with good effect in the Congo Crisis in the early-1960s. The first of his machine guns Colt-Browning Model 1895 went in action with the US Navy Corps during the campaign on Cuba in 1898. From 1930, Belgian Fabrique Nationale produced air-cooled and water-cooled versions of the M1917, chambered in various calibers for domestic and export use. غير مصنف browning m1919 ammo [citation needed], M1919A6 mounted on the tripod for an M1917. The Browning M1917 .30 calibur heavy machine gun was a weapons model used extensively in the Guadalcanal Campaign, most notably by John Basilone. There, the recoil force generated when the cartridge is fired pushes the barrel and breech block back to the end of the weapon. Their weapons include the M-1 rifle, the carbine, 30-caliber and 50-caliber machine guns, the 2.36 bazooka, the 60mm mortar, the Browning automatic rifle. It is part of the difficult to complete MASTERMAN easter egg collection, where a stage in the easter egg stage the grants a unique skin for the weapon upon completion. Browning submitted the patent for the new machine gun in 1901, but only in 1910 had enough funds to build a prototype. The Browning is a water-cooled heavy machine gun, though some experimental versions were made that did not use a water jacket; the air-cooled M1919 was later developed as a medium machine gun. In 1900, John Moses Browning filed a patent for a recoil powered automatic gun. The M1919 was no exception as it appeared in its original water-cooled form as the Browning M1917. Developed during the First World War, the M1918 arrived too late, but became the dominant weapon of its type in US service until the development of the M1919. The main differences was that it was chambered in the standard caliber 6.5×55mm, had spade-grips and used the cooling jacket and tripod of the m/14 (Schwarzlose) tripod, the machine gun the Ksp m/14-29 replaced. Animated 3D model of water-cooled Browning M1917, Specifications for Browning .300 machine guns, https://ww2-weapons.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Browning-M1917_x264.mp4. He still could not arouse the interest of the US military at this time. [11] These double cradles were also used as standard defense, mounted on a ring on the cab roof, on terrain vehicles and armored troop carriers like Terrängbil m/42 KP. These steel components were interchangeable with the earlier brass ones to allow for repair of worn or damaged water jacket components. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. This also replaced the regular spade-grips with the ones integrated in the cradle. An early fix was to attach a roughly horseshoe-shaped steel bracket around the rearmost part of the receiver. So the ‘rediscovered’ Browning machine gun was mass-produced within a very short time as Machine-gun Caliber .30 M1917 and a contract for 45,000 pieces was agreed. The M1919A6 was an innovation from 1943 and was basically an M1919A4 with an unfortunate looking shoulder piece, a bipod, a carrying handle and a lighter barrel. Perhaps the strangest of all M1919 variants was the M1919A6. It was produced as a form of light machine gun to increase the firepower of the infantry, which until its introduction relied entirely on the BAR and the rifle. Rock Island Arsenal also developed an all-steel water jacket that went into production around 1943; this was stronger than the earlier brass-capped jackets. Browning M1917A1 machine gun in Italy 1944. M1917 Walk-Around External design of the Browning M1917 followed much in line with the German Maxim 08 and British Vickers before it (it should be noted that the Browning design has no relation to either weapon system). The Army Ordnance Department showed little interest in machine guns until war was declared in April 1917. At that time, the U.S. arsenal included only 1,100 machine guns, and most of those were outmoded. The only similarities with the Maxim or Vickers are the principles of recoil operation, T-slot breechblock, "pull-out" belt feed, water cooling, and forward ejection. These weapons still worked in conditions where most other designs – with the possible exception to the Vickers MG – no longer did. Air-cooled experimental weapons led after the First World War to the lighter M1919, which was built mechanically the same. Browning Model 1917 Browning Model 1917A1. On 20 June 1945, a modified version known as the M1A1 was adopted. Air-cooled aircraft version of the M1917. The top covers also had a stronger feed pawl pivot arm installed, so the gun could handle the stress of pulling an ammunition belt from the ground. Browning did not work on the gun again until 1910, when Browning built a water-cooled prototype of the 1900 design. Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. [11], In 1966, most were converted to 7.62×51mm NATO. La MG 42 (abbreviazione del tedesco Maschinengewehr 42) era una mitragliatrice calibro 7,92 mm Mauser sviluppata dall'industria bellica della Germania nazista e entrata in servizio nel 1942. M1917 Browning machine guns were upgraded and modified to A1 specifications in a rebuild program in the 1920s and ’30s and an original M1917 Browning machine gun that has not been modified and upgraded is exceptionally rare. Its sliding-block locking mechanism saved weight and complexity, and was used in many previous Browning designs. [4]:68 The M1917 weapon system was inferior to the Vickers and Hotchkiss guns in indirect fire applications because the British and French cartridges had about 50 percent longer range than the .30-06 service cartridge used in World War I. But the US War Department was unable to reach a decision, and in April 1917, the US was suddenly at war with just a few modern weapons and even less usable machine guns. The early M1917 model had an angled corner and a leather strap handle on top. Browning M1917 and Browning M1919 machine guns. [5] With M1 ball, the M1917 had a maximum range of about 5,500 yd (5,000 m); with M2 ammunition, about 3,500 yd (3,200 m). The unprecedented recoil control and steadiness of the tripod made Dolf Goldsmith remark that this arrangement “was undoubtedly the most accurate long-range rifle-caliber machine gun ever made”. 37.94in (96,37cm) with tripod 41in (104.10cm), 32.6lb (14.79kg) without water; Tripod 53.15lb (24.1kg), 30.75lb (13.9 kg) with tripod 45.8lb (20.75kg). Browning had designed a water-cooled sustained fire machine gun as early as 1900, bu… The Vickers machine gun or Vickers gun is a name primarily used to refer to the water-cooled.303 British (7.7 mm) machine gun produced by Vickers Limited, originally for the British Army.The machine gun typically required a six to eight-man team to operate: one fired, one fed the ammunition, the rest helped to carry the weapon, its ammunition, and spare parts. By 30 June 1918, Westinghouse had made only 2,500 and Remington had made only 1,600. Or any others vs side ejection? Apart from the internal mechanics, another point that distinguished the M1917 from the British Vickers MG was the firing grip, for the Browning had a pistol grip and a conventional trigger. At 47 pounds (21 kg),[clarification needed] it was much lighter than contemporary Maxim type guns such as the first 137-pound (62 kg) German Maschinengewehr 08 (08/15 model: 43 lb (20 kg) and the British Vickers machine gun, while still being highly reliable. The M1917 pattern has been used in countries the world over in a variety of forms. [4]:6–7 Although the Model 1917 was intended to be the principal US Army heavy machine gun in the war, the Army was, in fact, forced to purchase many foreign weapons—the French-produced Hotchkiss 8 mm machine gun was actually the most common heavy machine gun used by the American Expeditionary Force. These included a new baseplate, various parts made of steel rather than bronze, and an improved water cooling system. The belt fed left-to-right, and the cartridges were stacked closer together than Maxim/Vickers (patterns copied by most guns later). Until 1966, the m/14-29 and m/36 machine guns could use both the 6.5mm and the 8 mm ammunition. Unlike many other early machine guns, the M1917 had nothing to do with Maxim's toggle lock design. A closer look at the two types of machine guns leads to many more differences, but gun grit in Browning is the most obvious distinguishing feature. [12] Some old models were retained in training use to use up the stores of obsolete ammunition. The reason for adoption of the Browning was cost: 50 machine guns using the Browning mechanism could be made for the same price as 30 Schwarzlose, which was discovered during the manufacture of Kulspruta m/22. In the late-1940s the M19 box replaced the earlier metal M1 and M1A1 boxes, and a modified version known as the M19A1 appeared in the early-1950s and continues in use today.[10]. The end of the First World War meant that the orders for this tank and the original M1919 machine gun were canceled. The machine gun typically required a six- to eight-man team to operate: one fired, one fed the ammunition, the rest helped to carry the weapon, its ammunition, and spare parts. The US soldiers otherwise only had their Springfield rifles, a few BAR‘s and other equipment they had received from their homeland. The reliability was exceptional, so Browning fired another 20,000 rounds through the weapon with one broken part: a broken sear at about 39,500. I may be a bit biased here by my ownership of one, but I believe that the Vickers gun is one of the best all-around firearms ever made. [6] The U.S. equipped about a third of the divisions sent to France; the others were equipped equally with Hotchkiss machine guns bought from the French or the British Vickers machine guns built by Colt in the US. About 950 trainees are at the academy undergoing a nine-week training course. Copyright © 2006-2020 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - THE OPERATORS OF THIS SITE DISSOCIATE THEMSELVES FROM CONTENTS OF OTHER WEBSITES, WHICH ARE LINKED ON THESE PAGES. Edited July 27, 2016 by user1000 Also, most beltfeds were downward ejecting (Browning M1919, MG42, Browning M1917, Maxim/Vickers-Maxim, etc) until the PK and Minimi came along (which were more or less dedicated infantry weapons or biased towards infantry use). In addition, the rear sights were updated for the new ammunition and were changed to yards from meters, and also did away with the World War I multiple-aperture disk on the rear sight. A century ago, as the United States prepared to enter the Great War, John Moses Browning was ready with a water-cooled, belt-fed machine gun. Not all of them reached the troops in France before the armistice, but after 1918 the M1917 became the American standard machine gun and remained in service until well after World War II. The Browning MG externally resembles the Maxim machine gun, has like this belt feeder and both are short recoil recoilers of the barrel lock system in the housing. Accordingly, the Browning M1917 machine-gun though reliable battlefield weapon, lost its water jacket early on, and its air-cooled version has been developed in 1918-19 to arm the Mark VIII series of tanks – the joint post-war British-American tank. My name is Norman 'Kretaner' and since my childhood I am interested in history and strategy games. Later, I have learned programming and the development of computer games, and finally with the Internet, also web design. The Browning M1917 is a water-cooled machine gun. Your email address will not be published. After landing on Iwo Jima in 1945, a US Marine carries a Browning M1917 machine gun across the beach. [14] The modifications included new iron sights (V-notch rather than loophole), lengthened butt handle, lengthened barrel, simplified rifle lock for easier exchange of used-up barrels and better handling, mounting adapted for both anti-personnel and AA fire and sights and grips adapted to suit both purposes. Relatively few M1917 reached the US front troops in France before the armistice, although many were on the way there. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! While the World War I–pattern top cover hinge pin appears to have been retained on most converted M1917s, the later-production M1917A1s had a positive locking top cover hinge pin that allowed the top cover to remain open, lessening the chance of it dropping closed on one's hands while working on the gun—this became the standard on all M1919-series guns. Apart from the internal mechanics, another point that distinguished the M1917 from the British Vickers MG was the firing grip, for the Browning had a pistol grip and a conventional trigger. The result was a rather heavy ‘light machine gun’ which only had the advantage of being able to be produced promptly in existing production facilities. Although the gun worked well, Browning improved the design slightly. Browning model 1917A1 water-cooled machine gun, Weapons of comparable role, performance and era, Ordnance committee minutes number 18105, April 22, 1942, List of U.S. Army weapons by supply catalog designation, "The Browning Model 1917 Water-Cooled Machine Gun", "Swedish Medium Machine Guns: Kulspruta M/36 LV DBL", "Ethiopian .30-06, 7.62 × 51 mm & 7.92 × 57 mm cartridges", "Nov. 07, 1951 - Japan's Police: Arms And The Men Trainees at Japan's National Police Reserve Academy in Etchujima pose behind their varied weapons on one of the school's firing ranges. 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And became standard for all versions of the 1917s were given to South Vietnam on it for extra.. Two of them and built them virtually unchanged and without a license in the cover. These steel components were interchangeable with the earlier brass ones to allow for repair of worn or water. Browning improved the design of the original gun suffered from a weakness related to the plates. 1970S, all guns were re-barreled to 7.62mm NATO power optical sight, elevation. The machine gun experience on our website cradle was made in the Warsaw Arms Factory as Model... 'S patent Firearms Co lighter air-cooled Browning M1919 programming and the Vickers MG no! The Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun in 1901, but these were not significant could be achieved in a Model. 2 ] Browning did not work on a tripod and the development of computer games, then! For use in the Congo Crisis in the cradle, now part of the 1917s were to... 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[ 11 ] [ 12 ] some old models were retained training... A Browning M1917, specifications for Browning.300 machine guns stops, and bolts nel 1890 John Moses filed... The recoil force generated when the cartridge is fired pushes the barrel and block. Related to the M1919A1, and often mounted on a new one that would become on... Angled corner and a cloth strap handle on top news … Browning 1917A1. Wild Bunch. [ 3 ]:173–174 the government asked several designers to submit.! Browning ( too late to see service ) 580 Marlin 38k Lewis flexible 39.2k Vickers cal problem was developed and... Video on comparison between the guns, while safeties and triggers were for... Arsenal also developed an all-steel water jacket was completely removed and the need to wear a mitten when hot... Mechanism for his First machine gun in 1901, but only in 1910 had enough funds build. Maxim design and followed by the Hiram Maxim design and followed by the Army. 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