The importance of diffraction in any particular situation depends on the relative size of the obstacle or opening and the wavelength of the wave that strikes it. INDEX OF REFRACTION (n) Index of refraction is the ratio of the speed of light in air/vacuum to the speed of light in a transparent medium. This hub attempts to investigate reflection and refraction of light, and its application in everyday living. Light refraction is used in explaini ng total reflection and dispersion of white light, When a light ray travels from an optically higher dense medium ( such as water) to an optically less dense one ( such as air ) , it refracts away from the normal line , As the angle of incidence increases in the optically higher dense medium , the angle of refraction increases in the optically less dense one . This ray gets refracted and passes Applications of Refraction of Light. where: c = 3.00 x 10 8 m/s The index of refraction of any transparent material is greater than 1.00. since c > v, then n > 1 REFRACTION REFRACTION v c n Light - Light - Reflection and refraction: Light rays change direction when they reflect off a surface, move from one transparent medium into another, or travel through a medium whose composition is continuously changing. refraction, in physics, deflection of a wave on passing obliquely from one transparent medium into a second medium in which its speed is different, as the passage of a light ray from air into glass. In cosmology, different telescopes are used to study the faraway objects of the universe. The law of reflection states that, on reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray. Fundamentals, Applications. APPLICATIONS OF REFRACTION OF LIGHT. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light. 9.7 Applications of Refraction Geometric optics is a good model of light for explaining many natural optical phenomena. The two most observable behavioural characteristics of light are reflection and refraction. Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. Atmospheric Refraction Application of Refraction of Light. Diffraction is the deviation from a straight path that occurs when a wave such as light or sound passes around an obstacle or through an opening. A good example of refraction is eyeglasses. Other forms of electromagnetic radiation , in addition to light waves, can be refracted, as can sound waves. Real and Apparent Depth When angles are small, B lies close to A such that OB ~ OA IB ~ AI Consider a ray of light incident on XY, normally along OA, it passes straight along OAAl. Consider another ray from O (the object) incident at an angle i on XY, along OB. A lens uses refraction to form an image of an object for various purposes, such as magnification. Lenses are widely used in cameras and binoculars. Recall that a point is perceived by the eye when a cone of diverging light enters the eye. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Eyeglasses are bending the light rays in a way the compensates for whatever is going wrong inside of the eyes so that a proper image forms in the back of the retina. The diverging light is traced backward and where the rays meet, an image of the object is perceived. Refraction has many applications in optics and technology. Lenses are transparent objects which can focus light using refraction. Depending on the type of spherical lens used (convex or concave) refraction through glass has many uses. 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